How does someone get charged with a crime?

Upon receipt of a complaint of criminal conduct, the police conduct an investigation to gather information or evidence to be reviewed by the prosecuting attorney. The prosecuting attorney determines whether sufficient evidence exists to support that: (1) a crime has occurred and (2) that the right person is charged. The prosecutor then files a charge of the crime with the court and the prosecution commences.

Can I press charges or drop charges?

If you believe that you have been a victim of the crime, you should contact the police and provide them all available information as to the crime which you believe to have occurred. The term "pressing charges" relates to a victim or complaintant issuing a complaint against another for a possible crime and representing an intention to go forward with the prosecution by agreeing to testify in the eventual trial. Although you may be the "victim" of a crime, the crime is also against the State of Indiana. Once the prosecuting attorney has filed a charge, the decision to terminate the prosecution or dismiss the case rests solely with the prosecutor.

Does the prosecutor file criminal charges on every criminal complaint?

Not all complaints of criminal conduct rise to the level of criminal charges being filed by the prosecutor. There are numerous considerations which go into the decision to file criminal charges, including the quantity and quality of evidence of the crime.

What is the plea bargain and why is it used?

Plea bargains are agreements between the prosecuting attorney and the criminal defendant and his/her lawyer that set forth terms both parties determine to be a reasonable disposition of a case without the case proceeding to trial. Plea bargaining is necessary to the efficient administrations of justice as it would be impossible to proceed to trial on all criminal cases filed. Factors considered in plea bargain negotiations are the type and level of the offense, the quantity and quality of evidence, and the prior criminal history of the accused among others.

How long will my case take?

As a general rule, all criminal cases are required to be completed within one year of the date of filing. Practically speaking, many cases are concluded prior to the one year time limit, and many cases exceed the one year time limit albeit for legitimate and court approved reasons. Typically, cases that are minor in nature (i.e. misdemeanors, class D felonies, etc.) work through the normal system within six to nine months. More serious charges may extend from six months to two years or more, depending upon the complexity of issues and other factors.

What is expected if I am called to testify as a witness in court?

TELL THE TRUTH! If you are called to testify as a witness, you will receive a subpoena directing you where to be and when.